autetaranga
1. (noun) native sand daphne, Pimelea arenaria - a shrub growing up to 1 m. Berries are red or white. Found on coastal sands.
See also autetauranga
Synonyms: toroheke, autetauranga
tōrore
1. (noun) home-grown tobacco, native-grown tobacco.
2. (noun) variety of native rat, Rattus exulans.
Ko te kiore te ingoa noa o tēnei kararehe ki Aotearoa nei, heoi, arā atu anō ngā ingoa: maungarua, mō te kiore rahi; tāpapa, he kiore ora te tipu; torokaha, he kiore nui; tokoroa, he kiore kiritea; hāmua, he tohu aituā, kīhai i kainga (Te Ara 2016). / Kiore is the usual name given to this species in New Zealand, although there are other names: maungarua is a large rat; tāpapa a well-grown rat; torokaha a big rat; tokoroa a white rat; while hāmua was a rat considered an ill omen and was not eaten.
toi
1. (noun) tip, point.
Ka tae mai tōna waka ki waenganui pū o te moana, ka haere ake tōna atua i raro ka mau ki te toi o te hoe a te kaiwhakatere o tōna waka, arā ko Tūtangatakino (TWMNT 23/3/1875:65). / When he had got out into mid-ocean, his god rose from the depths and seized the point of the paddle of Tūtangatakino, the steersman of his canoe.
Synonyms: tāmore, tara, tihi, mata, matū, matamata, tongi, hiku, kūmore, raenga, akitu, paina, ngahu, koi, koinga, toitoi
2. (noun) summit.
Ko Whaitiri te kuia o Tāwhaki rāua ko Karihi. Nānā rāua i tohu ki hea rāua piki ai ki te toi o ngā rangi (Te Ara 2013). / Whaitiri was the grandmother of Tāwhaki and Karihi. She instructed them on where to climb to the summit of the heavens.
3. (noun) native, indigenous, aborigine, indigene.
He toi mātou nō te moutere nei (W 1971:431). / We are indigenes of this island.
4. (noun) origin, source (of mankind).
Ki te toi o te tangata i rauhītia ai e Iomatua i Te Honoiwairua (W 1971:432). / To the source of people gathered together by Iomatua in Te Honoiwairua (The Place where the Spirits Join Together).
Synonyms: takenga, pūnga, pū, ahunga, orokohanga, mātāwai, pūtake, ūkaipō, pī, orokohanganga, take, kunenga
5. (noun) art, knowledge.
Kāti, anei tēnei o ā tātou taonga kua puta hei whakamīharotanga mā te tangata. Ko ngā momo toi e whakaata ana i tā ēnei whakatipuranga titiro ki te ao (HM 1/1997:7). / Well, this is our treasure that has appeared for people to admire. The types of art illustrate how these generations look at the world.
2. (modifier) native, indigenous, fresh (of water), belonging to Aotearoa/New Zealand, freely, without restraint, without ceremony, clear, intelligible.
Kakū ana tana ngao i ngā kai papai a te Pākehā, engari ko tēhea atu hoki i te kānga kōpiro, i te toroī, i te kōura mara, i te kina i rāua ki te wai māori mō ngā rā e toru, i te kōuka, i te mangō me te kererū huahua, he mea kōtutu katoa i roto anō i ōna hinu (TTR 1998:206). / He enjoyed the finest of Pākehā foods but relished fermented corn, pickled pūhā and mussels, crayfish fermented in fresh water, sea-urchins steeped in fresh water for three days, inner baby fronds of the cabbage tree, shark, and wild pigeons preserved entirely in their own fat.
3. (modifier) freely, without restraint, without ceremony, without object, unannounced.
Mō te tūpono peka māori mai koutou kia kite i tēnei whakahaere e kī nei mātou e mate ana i te tuakoka, i te pōhara, he whakatūpato noa atu tēnei kia kaua e whētuki i te āhua o tō mātou tari (HM 3/1994). / In case you make an unscheduled visit to see this operation, we are saying we are poverty-stricken, which is a caution to not be shocked at the nature of our office.
4. (noun) aboriginal inhabitant, indigenous person, native.
I runga i te tima ka tūtaki ahau ki ētahi māori nō ngā motu, nō Hāmoa (TP 2/1903:10). / On the ship I met some indigenous people from the islands, from Samoa.
See also Māori
2. (noun) native mint, Mentha cunninghamii - a low creeping plant with tiny tightly packed mint-scented leaves and small white flowers in summer. A common plant of grassland and open places throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand.
3. (noun) New Zealand pipit, Anthus novaeseelandiae - native bird with head and upperparts brown and streaked darker brown similar to a skylark but more slender, with the habit of flicking its long tail up and down. It inhabits open areas but avoids intensively farmed land.
toroheke
1. (noun) native sand daphne, Pimelea arenaria - a shrub growing up to 1 m. Berries are red or white. Found on coastal sands.
Synonyms: autetauranga, autetaranga
kiriwhero
1. (adjective) be florid (in complexion) - sometimes written as two words, i.e. kiri whero.
Heoi anō ā rātou nei ingoa i hua ai i ngā rā i a rātou, ko ngā ingoa iwi, hapū hoki; me ngā kupu e toru mō te āhua o te kiri, arā, kirimangu, tā rātou kupu tūturu mō tērā, kiri parauri; kirimā, tā rātou kupu tūturu mō tērā, kiritea; kiriwhero, tā rātou kupu tūturu mō tērā, kiri waitutu (JPS 1893:61). / However in the days of the ancestors the names they used were the tribal and sub-tribal names, and the names for the three skin complexions, namely black skin, their original word for that is 'kiri parauri'; fair skin, their original word for that is 'kiritea'; red skin, their original word for that is 'kiri waitutu'.
2. (modifier) redskin.
Ko Oronhyatekha ko te ingoa o tētahi rangatira o te iwi kiriwhero o Amerika nō ēnei rā tata nei i mate ai ki Hawana, Georgia, Amerika (TP 5/1907:11). / Oronhyatekha is the name of a chief of the redskin people of America who recently died in Savannah, Georgia, America.
3. (noun) American Indian, Native American.
Ka mātau mātou he kiriwhero tonu anō te tumuaki o tēnei kāreti (TAH 67:18). / We learnt that the principal of this college was a Native American.
ipukarea
1. (noun) ancestral home, homeland, native land, inherited land - significant water or geographical feature of a tribe's homeland relating to the tribe's identity and the source of their livelihood. Describes a body of water within a vessel, a place that represents the history and emotional attachment of the tribe, a place central to the identity of the people where they can go to be rejuvenated, a place that represents the hopes and aspirations of the people, the lifegiving waters from which they drink. It is also the place associated with significant battles of the tribe and where the bones of their ancestors lie. As an example, Lake Waikaremoana is the ipukarea of Ngāi Tūhoe.
Ka whakahokahokai anō au kia topa iho i te ipukarea a Kahumatamomoe ki te riu o te waka Te Arawa (Wh4 2004:201). / I stretch out to soar down the ancestral homeland of Kahumatamomoe to the bilge of the Te Arawa canoe.
See also Ipukarea, Te
tutukiwi
1. (noun) hooded orchid, Pterostylis banksii - a native orchid common in native forest. Has alternating, grass-like leaves and green, hooded flowers with white stripes.
Synonyms: māikaika, peka-a-waka
2. (noun) Snares Island snipe, Coenocorypha huegeli - a small snipe with a long bill and short legs, wings and tail. face with indistinct, dark eye stripe, crown with yellow, central stripe. Underparts mottled chestnut and black, with buff fringes on feathers.
kōkōmuka
1. (noun) koromiko, Hebe elliptica - a native shrub with small, thick, folded leaves in four neat rows, white flowers. Forms a large part of shoreline scrub. Wood was used for making fire; Hebe salicifolia and Hebe stricta - native shrubs with willow-like leaves creased along the centre line, each pair at right angles to the one below it. Flowers are white or light blue. Commonly grow on banks. .
karangū
1. (noun) karamū, Coprosma lucida, Coprosma macrocarpa and Coprosma robusta - native shrubs and small trees with pale bark and large leathery glossy leaves. Flowers are greenish white, spindly, in loose clusters and the fruit reddish orange and much sought after by native birds.
I te wā e hua ana te karangū e tangitangi ana ngā manu o te ngahere, "Korokī! Korokā!" (TTR 2000:236). / At the time when the karamū fruits the birds of the forest sing, "Korokī! Korokā!"
See also karamū
Synonyms: karamū, kāramuramu
kamu
1. (noun) hook sedge, hook grass, bastard grass, Uncinia uncinata - a grasslike hooked sedge native to Aotearoa/New Zealand, the Society Islands, and Hawai‘i. Its natural habitat is from the coast up to 1000 metres, and is found in areas ranging from native forest to shrubland. Forms dense mounds of orange-red, or green, arching leaves about 50 cm high.
Synonyms: matau a Māui
koromiko
1. (noun) koromiko, Hebe elliptica - a native shrub with small, thick, folded leaves in four neat rows, white flowers. Forms a large part of shoreline scrub. Wood was used for making fire; Hebe salicifolia and Hebe stricta - native shrubs with willow-like leaves creased along the centre line, each pair at right angles to the one below it. Flowers are white or light blue. Commonly grow on banks.
Ka taona taua ika nei ki te umu, ka rautaongia ki te koromiko (NM 1928:29). / That fish was cooked in the oven wrapped with koromiko leaves.
See also kōkōmuka
karamū
1. (noun) karamū, Coprosma lucida, Coprosma macrocarpa and Coprosma robusta - native shrubs and small trees with pale bark and large leathery glossy leaves. Flowers are greenish white, spindly, in loose clusters and the fruit reddish orange and much sought after by native birds.
Ka utaina ngā peka mākū o te whau me te karamū ki runga i te ahi, ko te koromāhu hei rongoā mō ngā poroiwi kua whati (Te Ara 2012). / Wet branches were thrown on a fire with whau and karamū, to make steam as treatment for broken bones.
See also kāramuramu
Synonyms: karangū, patutiketike, kāramuramu
