Found 20 results matching "utu"

• utu

  1. (verb) (-ngia,-a) to repay, pay, make a response, avenge, reply.
  Utua ai au e rima herengi i te wiki (HP 1991:26). / I was paid five shillings per week.
  2. (noun) revenge, cost, price, wage, fee, payment, salary, reciprocity - an important concept concerned with the maintenance of balance and harmony in relationships between individuals and groups and order within Māori society, whether through gift exchange or as a result of hostilities between groups. It is closely linked to mana and includes reciprocation of kind deeds as well as revenge. While particular actions required a response, it was not necessary to apply utu immediately. The general principles that underlie utu are the obligations that exist between individuals and groups. If social relations are disturbed, utu is a means of restoring balance. Gift exchange, a major component of utu, created reciprocal obligations on the parties involved and established permanent and personal relationships. Traditionally utu between individuals and groups tended to escalate. Just as feasts were likely to increase in grandeur as an exchange relationship developed over time, so could reciprocal acts of vengeance intensify. Utu was not necessarily applied to the author of the affront, but affected the whole group. Thus utu could be gained through a victory over a group where only the most tenuous of links connected the source of the affront with the target of the utu. Any deleterious external influence could weaken the psychological state of the individual or group, but utu could reassert control over the influences and restore self-esteem and social standing. Suicide could even reassert control by demonstrating that one had control over one's fate, and was a way of gaining utu against a spouse or relative where direct retaliation was not possible. Such indirect utu often featured within kin groups.
  He mea peita anō hoki e ia, ā he utu tika tāna utu i tono ai mō āna mahi (TW 28/8/1875:170). / They were also painted by him and the price he asked was right for his work.
  (Te Kākano Textbook (Ed. 2): 48;) See also utu ā-hāora.
  

• utu

  (verb) (-hia) to fill (a vessel with liquid) dip, dip into (to fill with liquid).
  

• utu ā-tau

  (noun) salary.
  

• utu ā-hāora

  (loan) (noun) hourly rate, hourly pay, per hour. See also utu, ā-, hāora.
  

• utu ā-moni tūturu

  1. (verb) pay in cash.
  2. (noun) cash payment.
  

• utu ā-haki

  1. (loan) (verb) pay by cheque.
  2. (loan) (noun) cheque payment.
  

• utu whakawā

  (noun) court costs.
  

• utu here

  (noun) bail - money required as security against the temporary release of a prisoner pending trial.
  I whakataua tana utu here kia rua rau tāra (Ngata 1993:26). / His bail was set at two hundred dollars.
  

• utu harangotengote

  (noun) instalments (payment), repayments.
  

• utu-huamoni

  (loan) (noun) interest (financial).
  

• utu-huamoni kore

  (loan) (stative) interest-free (financial).
  

• utu karere

  (noun) postage.
  

• utu whakahaere

  (noun) administrative cost, administration cost.
  

• utu whakauru

  (noun) entrance fee, membership fee.
  

• utu tārewa

  (noun) arrears.
  

• utu piharau

  (noun) lamprey weir.
  Kīia ai te utu piharau e ngā iwi o Te Wai Pounamu ko te pā kanakana (Te Ara 2011). / Lamprey weirs were known as pā kanakana in the South Island.
  

• waea kore utu

  (loan) (noun) free phone.
  

• muru

  1. (verb) (-a) to wipe out, wipe, rub, rub off, smear, paint, forgive, pluck (feathers, etc.).
  Ko te waka rā i murua ki te peita mangu (TW 19/10/1878:9/521). / That canoe was painted with black paint.
  2. (verb) to plunder, confiscate, take ritual compensation - an effective form of social control, restorative justice and redistribution of wealth among relatives. The process involved taking all the offending party's goods. The party that had the muru performed on them did not respond by seeking utu. The reasons for a muru included threats to the institution of marriage, accidents that threatened life (e.g. parents' negligence), trampling on tapu, and defeat in war. It could be instituted for intentional or unintentional offences. It only occurred among groups of people who were linked by whakapapa or marriage and linked neighbouring villages in a collective response in the delivery of punishment. The protocols and practices involved would be determined by various factors, including the mana of the victim or offender, the degree of the offence and the intent of the offending party. Before a muru was engaged, the matter of what would be taken would be discussed in detail, as would the size of the taua to perform the muru. Physical violence could occur but generally ended when blood was drawn. A muru sought to redress a transgression with the outcome of returning the affected party back to their original position in society.
  I tētahi wāhi o Haina e panapana ana te iwi i ngā minita karakia, muru rawa ngā taonga o ngā whare (KO 15/1/1885:2). / In one part of China the people have driven out the church ministers and plundered the possessions of the houses.
  

• puka whakamana utu

  (noun) receipt.
  

• utukore

  (stative) free (financial), gratis, cost free.