Found 40 results matching "tapu"

• tapu

  1. (stative) be sacred, prohibited, restricted, set apart, forbidden, under atua protection.   See also whakanoa, ariki, rangatira.
  2. (noun) restriction - a supernatural condition. A person, place or thing is dedicated to an atua and is thus removed from the sphere of the profane and put into the sphere of the sacred. It is untouchable, no longer to be put to common use. Tapu was used as a way to control how people behaved towards each other and the environment, placing restrictions upon society to ensure that society flourished. Making an object tapu was achieved through rangatira or tohunga acting as channels for the atua in applying the tapu. Members of a community would not violate the tapu for fear of sickness or catastrophe as a result of the anger of the atua. Intrinsic, or primary, tapu are those things which are tapu in themselves. The extensions of tapu are the restrictions resulting from contact with something that is intrinsically tapu. This can be removed with water, or food and karakia. A person is imbued with mana and tapu by reason of his or her birth. High-ranking families whose genealogy could be traced through the senior line from the atua were thought to be under their special care. It was a priority for those of ariki descent to maintain mana and tapu and to keep the strength of the mana and tapu associated with the atua as pure as possible. People are tapu and it is each person's responsibility to preserve their own tapu and respect the tapu of others and of places. Under certain situations people become more tapu, including women giving birth, warriors travelling to battle, men carving (and their materials) and people when they die. Because resources from the environment originate from one of the atua, they need to be appeased with karakia before and after harvesting. When tapu is removed, things become noa, the process being called whakanoa. Interestingly, tapu can be used as a noun or verb and as a noun is sometimes used in the plural. Noa, on the other hand, can not be used as a noun.   Kāore he kai maoa o runga i tēnei waka, i a Tākitimu, nā te tapu. He kai mata anake (HP wh9).There was no cooked food on this canoe, on Tākitimu, because it was tapu. There was only raw food.Ko tēnei i muri nei he karakia whakahorohoro i ngā tapu o ngā tāngata (TWMNT 3/4/1872 wh58).The following is a ritual chant to remove the tapu of people. (Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 237-240;Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;) See also rāhui.
  

• tāpu

  (loan) (noun) bathtub, bath, tub.   Ko te whakaahua kei runga tonu ake o taua ingoa he tangata mangumangu kei roto i te tāpu wai. E rua ngā Pākehā kei te horoi i a ia ki te paraihe, ki te hopi (TTT 1/10/1921 wh5).The illustration just above that name is of a black person in a bathtub. There are two Pākehā washing him with brushes and soap.
  

• tāpu

  (loan) (verb) (-ngia) to stop, halt, cease.  
  

• tāpohe

  (verb) (-tia,-ria) to violate the tapu of a person, place, food, etc.  
  

• tiki

  1. (noun) carved figure, image, a neck ornament usually made of greenstone and carved in an abstract form of a human.  
  2. (noun) post to mark a place which was tapu.  
  3. (noun) sacrum - a triangular bone formed from fused vertebrae and sitting between the two hip bones of the pelvis.   See also tikitona.
  

• paepae tapu

  (noun) threshold, door sill (of a meeting house door), sacred bar of the latrine.   (Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 170-171;)
  

• tāpohepohe

  (verb) (-ria) to violate the tapu of a person, place, food, etc.  
  

• pure

  1. (verb) (-tia,-a) to ritually remove tapu.  
  2. (noun) rites to lift the tapu at the Ringatū harvest to ensure a plentiful crop, religious purification rites - designed to neutralise tapu, using water and karakia, or to propitiate the atua, using cooked food.   E rua anō ngā rā nui o te tau o te Ringatū i hiwaia e ia, arā, ko te huamata i te tahi o Hune me te pure i te tahi o Noema; he whakatō kai te tikanga o te huamata, ā, kia nui ai te hua o te kai i meinga ai te pure (TTR 1998 wh27).There are two important days of the Ringatū faith that he focused on, namely the huamata on the first of June and the pure on the first of November; the huamata is when the planting rites are held, and the pure is so that the harvest is plentiful.
  

• kawa

  1. (verb) (-ia,-ina) to perform the kawa ceremony, open a new house.   See also tā i te kawa.
  2. (noun) a ceremony to remove tapu from a new house or canoe.   (Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 170-171;)
  3. (noun) marae protocol - customs of the marae and wharenui, particularly those related to formal activities such as pōhiri, speeches and mihimihi.   Kāti, nō te taenga mai o Kuīni Irihāpeti Te Tuarua ki Rotorua i te 2 o Hānuere 1954, takahia ana e Heke te kawa, he ruarua nei ngā miniti e hauoraora ake ana tana kōrero ki te Kuīni mō te takoha roera, arā, mō te tokotoko hiriwa (TTR 2000 wh27).Well, when Queen Elizabeth II arrived at Rotorua on 2 January 1954, Heke broke protocol by speaking animately to the Queen for several minutes about the royal gift of the silver cane.
  4. (noun) karakia (ritual chants) and customs for the opening of new houses, canoes and other events.   See also kawanga whare, tā i te kawa.
  

• kawa whakahoro

  (noun) house opening karakia - this is a generic term for a set of 6 karakia intoned in sequence to free the carvers and their tools of tapu.   See also kawanga whare.
  

• ruahine

  (noun) elderly woman, a woman employed for ceremonies to remove tapu from houses and canoes. Normally this would be the eldest female from a family of rank.  
  

• hara

  1. (verb) to transgress, commit a sin, violate tapu.   I mea a Pārao kua hara ia (Pipi 1/7/1900 wh4)Pharaoh said that he had transgressed.
  2. (noun) sin, foul, crime, offence, transgression, wrongdoing, gaffe, infringement, fault, problem.   I te 17 o Hune nei, i whakawākia rāua i te Kōti Matua mō te hara tuhituhi pukanoa i ngā ingoa tāngata kē ki ngā tieki tono moni i ngā pēke, ā whakataua ana e te kōti kia kotahi tau mō tētahi, mō tētahi ki te whare herehere (TWMA 20/6/1884 wh3).On 17th June they went on trial in the Supreme Court for writing fraudulent cheques and were each sentenced by the court to one year in prison.
  

• mana

  1. (noun) prestige, authority, control, power, influence, status, spiritual power, charisma - mana is a supernatural force in a person, place or object. Mana goes hand in hand with tapu, one affecting the other. The more prestigious the event, person or object, the more it is surrounded by tapu and mana. Mana is the enduring, indestructible power of the atua and is inherited at birth, the more senior the descent, the greater the mana. The authority of mana and tapu is inherited and delegated through the senior line from the atua as their human agent to act on revealed will. Since authority is a spiritual gift delegated by the atua, man remains the agent, never the source of mana. This divine choice is confirmed by the elders, initiated by the tohunga under traditional consecratory rites (tohi). Mana gives a person the authority to lead, organise and regulate communal expeditions and activities, to make decisions regarding social and political matters. A person or tribe's mana can increase from successful ventures or decrease through the lack of success. The tribe gave mana to their chief and empowered him/her and in turn the mana of an ariki or rangatira spread to his/her people and their land. Almost every activity has a link with the maintenance and enhancement of mana and tapu. Animate and inanimate objects could also have mana as they also derive from the atua and because of their own association with people imbued with mana or because they were used in significant events.   I tērā tau i mātakitaki tātau ki te ānga haeretanga a Tiamani i a Rūhia, me te mea nā anō kua pēpē te mana o Rūhia (TKO 15/8/1916 wh8).Last year we watched Germany drive away Russia and it would seem the mana of Russia has been crushed. (Te Kōhure Textbook (Ed. 2): 238-240;Te Kōhure Video Tapes (Ed. 1): 6;) See also mana atua, mana motuhake, mana tangata, mana tangata whenua, mana whakatipu, mana whenua, ariki, rangatira.
  2. (stative) be legal, effectual, binding, authoritative, valid.  
  3. (verb) to be effectual, take effect.  
  4. (noun) jurisdiction, mandate, freedom.  
  

• Tai Tapu, Te

  (location) Golden Bay (northern South Island).  
  

• tāhawahawa

  (noun) (-tia) to contaminate with something tapu.   He aha i tāhawahawatia ai te kai e koe?Why did you contaminate the food?
  

• whakanoa

  (verb) (-ia,-tia) to remove tapu - to free things that have the extensions of tapu, but it does not affect intrinsic tapu.   Kāore ō tātau mātua i tahuri ki te horohoro i a rātau, i a tātau hoki i ō rātau uri (arā ki te whakanoa), kuhu atu ana ō tātau mātua me tātau hoki me ā rātau tamariki ki roto i ngā whakahaere o ngā atua hōu, me ō rātau nei tikanga, tikanga noa (TPH 15/12/1900 wh1).Our parents did not set about removing the tapu restrictions from them, and from us, and their descendants (that is to make us free from tapu). Our parents, us and their children entered into the procedures of the new gods and their customs which are free from tapu. See also tapu.
  

• muru

  1. (verb) (-a) to wipe out, wipe, rub, rub off, smear, paint, forgive, pluck (feathers, etc.).   Ko te waka rā i murua ki te peita mangu (TW 19/10/1878 wh9/521).That canoe is painted with black paint.
  2. (verb) to plunder, confiscate, take ritual compensation - an effective form of social control, restorative justice and redistribution of wealth among relatives. The process involved taking all the offending party's goods. The party that had the muru performed on them did not respond by seeking utu. The reasons for a muru included threats to the institution of marriage, accidents that threatened life (e.g. parents' negligence), trampling on tapu, and defeat in war. It could be instituted for intentional or unintentional offences. It only occurred among groups of people who were linked by whakapapa or marriage and linked neighbouring villages in a collective response in the delivery of punishment. The protocols and practices involved would be determined by various factors, including the mana of the victim or offender, the degree of the offence and the intent of the offending party. Before a muru was engaged, the matter of what would be taken would be discussed in detail, as would the size of the taua to perform the muru. Physical violence could occur but generally ended when blood was drawn. A muru sought to redress a transgression with the outcome of returning the affected party back to their original position in society.   I tētahi wāhi o Haina e panapana ana te iwi i ngā minita karakia, muru rawa ngā taonga o ngā whare (KO 15/1/1885).In one part of China the people have driven out the church ministers and plundered the possessions of the houses.
  

• Paipera Tapu

  (loan) (noun) Bible, Holy Bible - often simply Paipera.   Ko te mea mīharo o roto i tēnei karaunatanga a te tangata Māori i tō tāua nei kīngi, kāore i whakawahia ki te hinu, engari he mea hoatu he Paipera ki runga i tōna māhunga (Pipi 11/1912 wh6).The amazing thing of this coronation of a Māori of our king was that he wasn't anointed with oil but a Bible was placed on his head.
  

• waewae tapu

  (noun) newcomer, rare visitor - a person who has not been to a particular marae or place before.   Tohaina atu rā ēnei maioha, ēnei kupu whakamihi āku, a Te Taiti Te Tomo, ki ngā iwi o Te Tai Rāwhiti, arā, ki a Porourangi rāua ko Te Poho o Rāwiri mō ngā manaaki maha i uhia nei ki runga i ngā ope waewae tapu ki runga i ōu marae maha (TTT1/4/1930 wh2035).Distribute these affectionate greetings, these words of thanks of mine, of Te Taite Te Tomo, to the peoples of the East Coast, that is to Porourangi and Te Poho o Rāwiri, for the hospitality bestowed on the groups of newcomers onto your many marae.
  

• Wairua Tapu

  (personal name) Holy Ghost.